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Heme oxygenase-1 modulates early inflammatory responses: proof from the heme oxygenase-1-deficient mouse. Proliferation of bone marrowderived cells contributes to regeneration after folic acid-induced acute tubular injury. Isolation and characterization of progenitor-like cells from human renal proximal tubules. Proximal tubular cells contain a phenotypically distinct, scattered cell inhabitants concerned in tubular regeneration. Evidence for a morphologically distinct and functionally robust cell kind within the proximal tubules of human kidney. Endocycle-related tubular cell hypertrophy and progenitor proliferation recover renal perform after acute kidney harm. Prevention of acute ischemic renal failure by targeted delivery of development components to the proximal tubule in transgenic mice: the efficacy of parathyroid hormone-related protein and hepatocyte progress issue. Induction of renoprotective gene expression by cobalt ameliorates ischemic harm of the kidney in rats. Multicenter medical trial of recombinant human insulin-like progress issue I in patients with acute renal failure. Renal regenerative potential of various extracellular vesicle populations derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Attenuation of renal ischemiareperfusion damage in inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout mice. Control of arterial blood stress and renal sodium excretion by nitric oxide synthase in the renal medulla. Renal protecting effect of molsidomine and L-arginine in ischemia-reperfusion induced damage in rats. The role of cytoskeleton in the regulation of vascular endothelial barrier operate. Maintenance of vascular integrity by pericytes is essential for regular kidney function. Revised Starling equation and the glycocalyx mannequin of transvascular fluid exchange: an improved paradigm for prescribing intravenous fluid therapy. Minocycline reduces renal microvascular leakage in a rat model of ischemic renal harm. Acute and continual microvascular alterations in a mouse mannequin of ischemic acute kidney damage. Pathophysiological contributions of fucosyltransferases in renal ischemia reperfusion damage. Mice genetically lacking endothelial selectins are proof against the lethality in septic peritonitis. Calpastatin controls polymicrobial sepsis by limiting procoagulant microparticle launch. Linking the inhabitants epidemiology of acute renal failure, continual kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Targeted proximal tubule harm triggers interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. Peritubular capillary loss is associated with continual tubulointerstitial injury in human kidney: altered expression of vascular endothelial development factor. The endothelial cell in ischemic acute kidney injury: implications for acute and persistent operate. Quantitative micro-computed tomography imaging of vascular dysfunction in progressive kidney diseases. Renal ischemia-reperfusion harm upregulates histone-modifying enzyme techniques and alters histone expression at proinflammatory/profibrotic genes. Snail activation disrupts tissue homeostasis and induces fibrosis within the adult kidney. Paracrine Wnt1 drives interstitial fibrosis with out inflammation by tubulointerstitial cross-talk. Kidney tubular beta-catenin signaling controls interstitial fibroblast destiny through epithelial-mesenchymal communication. Sphingosine 1-phosphate launched from platelets throughout clotting accounts for the potent endothelial cell chemotactic exercise of blood serum and supplies a novel hyperlink between hemostasis and angiogenesis. Sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced cell proliferation, survival, and associated signaling occasions mediated by G protein-coupled receptors Edg3 and Edg5. The lysophospholipids sphingosine-1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid improve survival during hypoxia in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Sphingosine Kinase-2 deficiency ameliorates kidney fibrosis by up-regulating Smad7 in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. Epigenetic adjustments in the acute kidney injury-to-chronic kidney illness transition. Chronic epithelial kidney injury molecule-1 expression causes murine kidney fibrosis. Differential Ly6C expression after renal ischemia-reperfusion identifies distinctive macrophage populations. Bone marrow Ly6Chigh monocytes are selectively recruited to injured kidney and differentiate into functionally distinct populations. Fate tracing reveals the pericyte and not epithelial origin of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis. Dysfunction of fibroblasts of extrarenal origin underlies renal fibrosis and renal anemia in mice. Pericytes and perivascular fibroblasts are the primary source of collagen-producing cells in obstructive fibrosis of the kidney. Reversible transition in the course of a fibroblastic phenotype in a rat carcinoma cell line. Ultrasound prevents renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by stimulating the splenic cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Injurious mechanical air flow and end-organ epithelial cell apoptosis and organ dysfunction in an experimental mannequin of acute respiratory misery syndrome. Donor mind dying predisposes human kidney grafts to a proinflammatory reaction after transplantation. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin. The impact of interleukin-1 beta on the efferent activity of the vagus nerve to the thymus. The afferent discharges from sensors for interleukin 1 beta in the hepatoportal system in the anesthetized rat. Cholinergic stimulation blocks endothelial cell activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. The interface between cholinergic pathways and the immune system and its relevance to arthritis. Transforming progress factor beta-1 stimulates profibrotic epithelial signaling to activate pericytemyofibroblast transition in obstructive kidney fibrosis. Understanding the origin, activation and regulation of matrix-producing myofibroblasts for treatment of fibrotic disease.

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Prevention of radiocontrastmedia-induced nephropathy in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency by hydration together with the adenosine antagonist theophylline. Short-term rosuvastatin therapy for prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney damage in patients with diabetes and persistent kidney illness. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of preprocedural statin administration for reducing contrast-induced acute kidney harm in sufferers present process coronary catheterization. Efficacy of short-term high-dose statin pretreatment in prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney damage: updated study-level meta-analysis of 13 randomized managed trials. Efficacy of short-term statin treatment for the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney harm in sufferers undergoing coronary angiography/percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of 21 randomized controlled trials. Efficacy of short-term high-dose statin in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy: a meta-analysis of seven randomized controlled trials. Effect of high-dose statin loading on biomarkers related to irritation and renal harm in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure. Impact of high-dose statin pretreatment and contrast-induced acute kidney harm on follow-up occasions in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Statin use prior to angiography for the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury: a metaanalysis of 19 randomised trials. Efficacy of statin pretreatment for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomised managed trials. Effect of haemodialysis after contrast medium administration in patients with renal insufficiency. Renal substitute therapies for prevention of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy: a scientific review. Comparison of two hemofiltration protocols for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in high-risk sufferers. Nephrotoxicity of ionic and nonionic distinction media in 1196 patients: a randomized trial. Metaanalysis of the relative nephrotoxicity of high- and low-osmolality iodinated distinction media. A meta-analysis of the renal safety of isosmolar iodixanol in contrast with low-osmolar distinction media. The relative renal security of iodixanol compared with low-osmolar distinction media: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Atrial natriuretic peptide and dopamine in established acute renal failure within the rat. Low-dose dopamine in sufferers with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Renal-dose dopamine: from speculation to paradigm to dogma to fantasy and, lastly, superstition Has renal-dose dopamine lastly been relegated to be a part of the long record of medical myths Fenoldopam mesylate blocks reductions in renal plasma move after radiocontrast dye infusion: a pilot trial in the prevention of contrast nephropathy. Fenoldopam mesylate in early acute tubular necrosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled medical trial. Atrial peptides inhibit oxygen consumption in kidney medullary collecting duct cells. Recombinant human atrial natriuretic peptide in ischemic acute renal failure: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Atrial natriuretic peptide for administration of acute kidney injury: a scientific evaluate and meta-analysis. Nephrotoxic effects of iodixanol and iopromide in sufferers with abnormal renal operate receiving N-acetylcysteine and hydration before coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized trial. Nephrotoxicity of iodixanol versus iopamidol in patients with continual kidney disease and diabetes mellitus present process coronary angiographic procedures. Nephrotoxicity of isoosmolar iodixanol compared with nonionic low-osmolar distinction media: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Purine excretion throughout tumor lysis in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia receiving allopurinol: relationship to acute renal failure. A randomized comparability between rasburicase and allopurinol in youngsters with lymphoma or leukemia at excessive risk for tumor lysis. Elitek-rasburicase: an efficient means to prevent and deal with hyperuricemia related to tumor lysis syndrome, a Meeting Report, Dallas, Texas, January 2002. Recombinant urate oxidase (rasburicase): a brand new targeted therapy for prophylaxis and therapy of sufferers with hematologic malignancies at risk of tumor lysis syndrome. Intravenous self-administration of elemental mercury: efficacy of dimercaprol remedy. Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on kidney injury among high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized scientific trial. The position of remote ischemic preconditioning on postoperative kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac and vascular interventions: a meta-analysis. Remote ischemic preconditioning for prevention of acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Remote ischemic preconditioning for prevention of acute kidney harm in patients present process on-pump cardiac surgical procedure: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Plasmapheresis in thrombotic microangiopathyassociated syndromes: evaluation of end result information derived from scientific trials and open studies. The risk of the hemolyticuremic syndrome after antibiotic therapy of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. Reversal of vascular and renal crises of scleroderma by oral angiotensin-convertingenzyme blockade. Hypertension and renal failure (scleroderma renal crisis) in progressive systemic sclerosis. Early steroid therapy improves the restoration of renal function in sufferers with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis. Fluid overload and mortality in children receiving continuous renal alternative therapy: the prospective pediatric continuous renal alternative therapy registry. A constructive fluid stability is related to a worse outcome in sufferers with acute renal failure. A multicenter, randomized, managed medical trial of transfusion necessities in important care. Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care Investigators, Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in the critically unwell affected person: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in critically unwell sufferers: a randomized controlled trial. Renal replacement therapy and the kidney: minimizing the impact of renal alternative remedy on recovery of acute renal failure. Delivery of renal substitute therapy in acute kidney injury: what are the key issues The first worldwide consensus conference on steady renal substitute therapy.

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More current research have acknowledged the aforementioned premise that individual biomarkers may have their own particular kinetics, and that combining biomarkers from different time factors may enhance their predictive capabilities. As increasingly biomarker data are amassed, we anticipate advances in novel methods for assessing biomarker mixtures. For some, a nice deal of extra work remains to be needed, nevertheless, to bring the biomarkers successfully to clinical apply. Because kidney disease is complicated, with multiple causes, and sometimes presents within the setting of systemic illnesses, a single biomarker may be insufficient for early diagnosis, perception into pathophysiology, and prediction of medical course and consequence. In some circumstances, a single biomarker could suffice, but in others, benefit will come from the usage of a number of biomarkers in plasma, urine, or both to present early evidence of danger and harm, and to distinguish between various forms of kidney ailments. Many of these biomarkers can be grouped in accordance with their association with a particular kind of damage. Understanding the relationships between these totally different biomarker categories could help us better perceive illness processes. Until recently, using newly emerged biomarkers in preclinical and clinical research and drug growth has been hindered by lack of regulatory acceptance. This public-private partnership was designed to foster collaborations to optimize the evaluation of drugs, devices, biologics and meals products in the larger kidney group. This initiative is meant to facilitate the delivery of these merchandise to the U. Plasma biomarkers and kidney function decline in early and established diabetic kidney illness. Perioperative heart-type fatty acid binding protein is related to acute kidney harm after cardiac surgical procedure. Additive worth of blood neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin to clinical judgement in acute kidney damage analysis and mortality prediction in patients hospitalized from the emergency department. Derivation and validation of cutoffs for scientific use of cell cycle arrest biomarkers. Validation of cell-cycle arrest biomarkers for acute kidney damage utilizing scientific adjudication. Development and standardization of a furosemide stress check to predict the severity of acute kidney injury. Urinary connective tissue development issue is associated with human renal allograft fibrogenesis. Circulating bone morphogenetic protein-7 and remodeling development factor-beta1 are higher predictors of renal finish factors in sufferers with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The outcome of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-positive subclinical acute kidney harm: a multicenter pooled analysis of prospective research. Early postoperative serum cystatin C predicts severe acute kidney harm following pediatric cardiac surgery. Postoperative biomarkers predict acute kidney damage and poor outcomes after grownup cardiac surgical procedure. Improved performance of urinary biomarkers of acute kidney damage in the critically sick by stratification for injury duration and baseline renal operate. Association between peritransplant kidney injury biomarkers and 1-year allograft outcomes. The severity of acute kidney harm predicts development to persistent kidney disease. The burden of chronic kidney disease on growing nations: a twenty first century challenge in global well being. Surveillance of chronic kidney disease all over the world: monitoring and reining in a worldwide problem. Urine proteomics in kidney and urogenital diseases: shifting in path of clinical purposes. Metabolomics for early detection of druginduced kidney injury: review of the current standing. Urinary proteomics and drug discovery in persistent kidney disease: a new perspective. Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Expert Panal on principle of Reference Values and International Committee for Standardization in Haematology Standing Commmittee on Reference Values. So, you want to search for biomarkers (introduction to the special biomarkers issue). Towards consensus practices to qualify security biomarkers to be used in early drug development. Total kidney volume as a biomarker of illness progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Receiver-operating attribute curve analysis in diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker research. Receiver-operating attribute curve evaluation in diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker analysis: trade-off between sensitivity and specificity with change of test cut-offs. Association of serial measures of cardiac troponin T using a sensitive assay with incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in older adults. New diagnostic criteria for acute myocardial infarction and in-hospital mortality. Anaritide in acute tubular necrosis: Auriculin Anaritide Acute Renal Failure Study Group. The consequence of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-positive subclinical acute kidney harm a multicenter pooled analysis of potential research. Normalization of urinary biomarkers to creatinine throughout adjustments in glomerular filtration rate. Test traits of urinary biomarkers depend upon quantitation methodology in acute kidney harm. Urinary biomarkers in the scientific prognosis and early detection of acute kidney harm. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute kidney damage after cardiac surgery: the impact of baseline renal perform on diagnostic efficiency. Stimulation of tubular secretion of creatinine in well being and in circumstances related to lowered nephron mass. A extra correct technique to estimate glomerular filtration price from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin distinguishes pre-renal from intrinsic renal failure and predicts outcomes. Effect of long-term freezer storage, thawing, and refreezing on selected constituents of serum. Correction of glucose focus interference on Jaffe kinetic creatinine assay in peritoneal dialysis.

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His bodily examination is notable for a standard blood stress and aside from a painful and swollen right ankle, his examination is otherwise normal. His family history is notable for several members of the family with gout and two relations are on dialysis. Affected people current with early-onset gout and progressive persistent kidney disease. Mutations in polycystin-1 result in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and mutations in the voltage-gated chloride channel are associated with Dent illness characterised by tubular proteinuria, excess calcium in the urine, formation of calcium kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, and chronic kidney failure. You are following a 49-year-old feminine who has been on dialysis for 2 years after suffering rapidly progressive kidney illness as a result of weight-loss dietary supplements. Urine cytology performed each 6 months Answer: c Rationale: Aristolochic acid is amongst the most potent carcinogens recognized to man and is associated with a really high threat of uroepithelial malignancies. The risk is so excessive that sufferers planning to bear renal transplantation must be beneficial to bear bilateral nephroureterectomy once they begin dialysis remedy. Although screening cytology or imaging could also be acceptable in lower-risk situations, the risk is so excessive in these sufferers that these checks might miss tumors and surgical cure is recommended. A 57-year-old man presents to the renal clinic for analysis of elevated serum creatinine (Cr) focus. Immunofluorescence with "full house" staining Answer: a Rationale: IgG4-related disorders are characterised by numerous organ system involvement, including the salivary glands, pancreas, retroperitoneum, and kidneys; elevated serum levels of IgG4 subclass antibodies; and tissue deposition of IgG4 in concerned tissues. The prognosis of IgG4-related kidney illness is suspected when kidney dysfunction is noticed in a patient with identified or suspected IgG4-related systemic illness. The spectrum of kidney involvement consists of acute or persistent tubulointerstitial nephritis, granulomatous interstitial nephritis, and obstructive renal disease because of retroperitoneal fibrosis (sometimes within the absence of hydronephrosis on imaging). Kidney histopathology is characterised by a lymphoplasmacytic interstitial infiltrate with a predominance of IgG4-positive plasma cells and interstitial fibrosis with a storiform pattern, which is typified by a cartwheel look of arranged fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. Treatment relies totally on long-term glucocorticoid therapy; nevertheless, steroid-sparing brokers such as mycophenolic acid or rituximab have been used with some success. Immunofluorescence with "antitubular basement membrane" antibodies is a uncommon finding in acute tubulointerstitial nephritis seen within the setting of methicillin, rifampin, allopurinol, and phenytoin. Mononuclear infiltrate with associated glomerular lesion of minimal change is often seen with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs�associated acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. A 71-year-old man with underlying stage 3A continual kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration fee = forty seven mL/min per 1. After 9 days of remedy, serum creatinine concentration rises abruptly from baseline 1. Despite intravenous fluids, kidney perform continues to decline over the next three days. Renal ultrasound shows bilateral 15-cm kidneys with elevated echogenicity and no hydronephrosis. Which of the following will safe a analysis of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis as the cause for acute kidney damage in this affected person Large, echogenic kidneys on renal ultrasound Answer: d Rationale: Diagnosing acute tubulointerstitial nephritis as a explanation for acute kidney harm is usually very difficult. Many clinical, laboratory, and imaging tests suffer from insufficient sensitivity and specificity. Urine eosinophils are sometimes ordered but seldom useful as they endure from false-positive and false-negative outcomes. As a result, kidney biopsy is generally required to definitively diagnose this entity. Mixed inflammatory infiltrate (lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, macrophages) inside the renal interstitium, tubulitis, and generally granuloma are diagnostic findings for acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Urinary tract infection of the bladder, the kidney, or (in men) the prostate is probably one of the commonest human infections. The term "bacteriuria" describes isolation of any micro organism within the urine, though in follow it normally refers to isolation of organisms in concentrations that meet specific quantitative standards. A urinary tract infection in a person must be thought-about sophisticated till underlying abnormalities have been dominated out. However, when periurethral colonization with a potential uropathogen persists, the identical strain may be isolated from reinfection. The flora contains cardio bacteria which are widespread pores and skin commensals, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci, viridans group streptococci, and Corynebacterium species. Urine is an effective nutrient supply for many bacterial species, and customary uropathogens grow nicely in urine. The most necessary host protection that maintains sterility of the urine is normal, unobstructed voiding. A complex array of urine and uroepithelial cell components also contributes to upkeep of sterile urine within the regular genitourinary tract (Table 36. Tamm�Horsfall protein, probably the most plentiful protein within the urine, appears to have an necessary position on this regard. Despite the many parts contributing to sustaining sterility of the urine, bacteriuria is readily established as quickly as regular voiding is impaired. In the difficult urinary tract, infection happens via elevated entry of organisms into the bladder or kidney, which can be attributed to the use of urologic units, turbulent urine circulate, or ureteric reflux. Organisms could then persist regardless of other host defenses when contaminated urine is retained if voiding is incomplete, or in biofilm on urologic gadgets. Uropathogenic strains that cause symptomatic an infection induce a robust innate immune response, whereas strains isolated from asymptomatic bacteriuria evoke a restricted response. Organisms may also infect superficial bladder epithelial cells, with subsequent shedding of those cells. The acute inflammatory infiltrate of polymorphonuclear leukocytes that develops in renal tissue throughout pyelonephritis limits bacterial unfold and persistence within the kidney but also contributes to tissue damage and renal scarring. IgA-producing plasma cells are found in greater numbers within the bladder submucosa of patients with bacterial cystitis than in wholesome controls. This restricted immunologic response to bladder infection may explain why early reinfection with the identical E. However, animal studies have reported some protection against same-strain reinfection mediated by systemic and native antibodies. In pyelonephritis, elevations of IgG antibodies to lipid A are correlated with severity of renal an infection and parenchymal destruction. Cell-mediated immunity seems to have a limited function in the host protection against urinary tract infection. If the specimen is delayed in reaching the laboratory, it should be refrigerated at 4�C until transported. A urine specimen for culture must be collected with a method that minimizes contamination. A clean-catch voided specimen with out further periurethral cleaning is often acceptable. For a long-term indwelling catheter, two to five organisms are current within the catheter biofilm at any time, so urine collected via the catheter shall be contaminated by organisms present within the biofilm.

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Endothelin-a receptor antagonism after renal angioplasty enhances renal recovery in renovascular disease. Endothelin in septic patients: results on cardiovascular and renal operate and its relationship to proinflammatory cytokines. Endothelin B receptors protect renal blood move in a normotensive mannequin of endotoxininduced acute kidney dysfunction. The endothelin receptor antagonist tezosentan improves renal microcirculation in a porcine mannequin of endotoxemic shock. Progressive endothelin-1 gene activation initiates chronic/end-stage renal disease following experimental ischemic/reperfusion harm. Urinary endothelin-1 in chronic kidney illness and as a marker of disease activity in lupus nephritis. Endothelin-1 release from cultured endothelial cells induced by sera from sufferers with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lack of renal improvement with nonselective endothelin antagonism with tezosentan in kind 2 hepatorenal syndrome. Role of endothelin in mediating soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1-induced hypertension in pregnant rats. Hypertension in response to persistent reductions in uterine perfusion in pregnant rats: effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade. Endothelin type A receptor antagonist attenuates placental ischemia-induced hypertension and uterine vascular resistance. Myocardial, easy muscle, nephron, and collecting duct gene targeting reveals the organ sites of endothelin A receptor antagonist fluid retention. Results of European postmarketing surveillance of bosentan in pulmonary hypertension. Darusentan: an efficient endothelinA receptor antagonist for treatment of hypertension. A new member of the natriuretic peptide household is present within the venom of the green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps). Long-acting natriuretic peptide, vessel dilator, and kaliuretic peptide improve urinary excretion price of albumin, complete protein, and beta(2)-microglobulin in sufferers with congestive heart failure. Review of 10 years of the clinical use of mind natriuretic peptide in cardiology. Expression and control of C-type natriuretic peptide in rat vascular clean muscle cells. Corin, a transmembrane cardiac serine protease, acts as a pro-atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme. Processing of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: furin and corin as candidate convertases. Decreased renal corin expression contributes to sodium retention in proteinuric kidney illnesses. Role of corin in trophoblast invasion and uterine spiral artery remodelling in being pregnant. Enhanced Dendroaspis natriuretic peptide immunoreactivity in experimental ureteral obstruction. Dendroaspis natriuretic peptidelike immunoreactivity and its regulation in rat aortic vascular easy muscle. Dendroaspis natriuretic peptide binds to the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. Natriuretic peptide receptors and impartial endopeptidase in mediating the renal actions of a brand new therapeutic artificial natriuretic peptide dendroaspis natriuretic peptide. Therapeutic actions of a brand new artificial vasoactive and natriuretic peptide, dendroaspis natriuretic peptide, in experimental extreme congestive coronary heart failure. Upregulation of atrial natriuretic peptide gene expression in remnant kidney of rats with lowered renal mass. The natriuretic peptide clearance receptor domestically modulates the physiological effects of the natriuretic peptide system. G(i-1)/G(i-2)-dependent signaling by single-transmembrane natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. Atrial natriuretic peptide attenuates high glucose-activated transforming development factor-beta, Smad and collagen synthesis in renal proximal tubular cells. Association of atrial natriuretic peptide and type a natriuretic peptide receptor gene polymorphisms with left ventricular mass in human important hypertension. B-type natriuretic peptide exerts broad practical opposition to transforming progress factorbeta in main human cardiac fibroblasts: fibrosis, myofibroblast conversion, proliferation, and irritation. Exogenous C-type natriuretic peptide infusion ameliorates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rats. N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide is inversely related to metabolic cardiovascular risk components and the metabolic syndrome. Reduced levels of N-terminal-proatrial natriuretic peptide in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome and their relationship with left ventricular mass. Association of plasma natriuretic peptide levels with metabolic risk elements in ambulatory individuals. Lipid mobilization with physiological atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations in humans. The lipid-mobilizing impact of atrial natriuretic peptide is unrelated to sympathetic nervous system activation or weight problems in young men. Critical roles of the guanylyl cyclase B receptor in endochondral ossification and development of female reproductive organs. C-type natriuretic peptide restores impaired skeletal growth in a murine mannequin of glucocorticoid-induced progress retardation. A systematic evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of natriuretic peptides for coronary heart failure. Comparison of the diagnostic efficiency of three natriuretic peptides in hemodialysis sufferers: which is the suitable biomarker B-type natriuretic peptide signal peptide circulates in human blood: evaluation as a potential biomarker of cardiac ischemia. Natriuretic peptides in persistent kidney illness and during renal replacement remedy: an replace. B-type natriuretic peptide as a biomarker beyond heart failure: speculations and opportunities. Racial/Ethnic differences in B-type natriuretic peptide ranges and their affiliation with care and outcomes amongst patients hospitalized with heart failure: findings from Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure. Renal clearance of B-type natriuretic peptide and amino terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide a mechanistic study in hypertensive subjects. Cardiovascular illness in patients with continual renal impairment: function of natriuretic peptides. Impact of renal disease on natriuretic peptide testing for diagnosing decompensated heart failure and predicting mortality. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide for figuring out coronary artery illness and left ventricular hypertrophy in ambulatory persistent kidney illness sufferers. B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations predict the development of nondiabetic persistent 334.

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Urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein predicts antagonistic outcomes in acute kidney harm. Urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in septic shock: impact of polymyxin B-immobilized fiber hemoperfusion. Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein as a helpful biomarker in persistent kidney disease. Urinary excretion of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in contrast medium-induced nephropathy. Associations of perfusate biomarkers and pump parameters with delayed graft function and deceased donor kidney allograft function. Impaired monocyte migration and reduced type 1 (Th1) cytokine responses in C-C chemokine receptor 2 knockout mice. Purification and amino acid analysis of two human monocyte chemoattractants produced by phytohemagglutininstimulated human blood mononuclear leukocytes. Minimally modified low density lipoprotein induces monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in human endothelial cells and clean muscle cells. Monocyte chemotactic protein gene expression by cytokine-treated human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Cytokine-induced manufacturing of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 by cultured human mesangial cells. Plasma monocyte chemotactic protein-1 is associated with acute kidney damage and dying after cardiac operations. Evaluation of biomarkers of cell cycle arrest and irritation in prediction of dialysis or restoration after kidney transplantation. Up-regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in tubulointerstitial lesions of human diabetic nephropathy. Possible relationship of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 with diabetic nephropathy. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 promotes the development of diabetic renal damage in streptozotocin-treated mice. Association of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 with renal tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy. Aldosterone blockade attenuates urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and oxidative stress in patients with sort 2 diabetes complicated by diabetic nephropathy. Monitoring urinary ranges of monocyte chemotactic and activating issue reflects illness exercise of lupus nephritis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is excreted in extreme amounts in the urine of patients with lupus nephritis. Serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and monocyte adhesion molecules in type 1 diabetic sufferers with nephropathy. Ischemic and nephrotoxic acute renal failure are distinguished by their broad transcriptomic responses. Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel early urinary biomarker for ischemic renal injury. Novel biomarkers early predict the severity of acute kidney damage after cardiac surgery in adults. Comparison of urinary neutrophil glucosaminidaseassociated lipocalin, cystatin C, and alpha1-microglobulin for early detection of acute renal harm after cardiac surgical procedure. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations predict growth of acute kidney harm in neonates and children after cardiopulmonary bypass. Comparative analysis of urinary biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury following cardiopulmonary bypass. Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal perform in youngsters with chronic kidney disease. Urinalysis is extra specific and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is extra sensitive for early detection of acute kidney harm. Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin moderately predicts acute kidney harm in critically ill adults. Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predicts graft outcome as a lot as 1 year after kidney transplantation. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in prediction of mortality in patients with hepatorenal syndrome: a potential observational research. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as biomarker in the differential diagnosis of impairment of kidney function in cirrhosis. The medical utility of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in acute kidney damage. New biomarker panel of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and endotoxin exercise assay for detecting sepsis in acute kidney harm. Establishment of a reference interval for urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predicts restoration from acute kidney injury following communityacquired pneumonia. Neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and renal operate after percutaneous coronary interventions. Influence of quantity remedy with a contemporary hydroxyethylstarch preparation on kidney perform in cardiac surgical procedure sufferers with compromised renal perform: a comparison with human albumin. Increased systemic and myocardial expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in clinical and experimental coronary heart failure. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a troponinlike biomarker for human acute kidney injury. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and progression of diabetic nephropathy in sort 1 diabetic patients in a four-year follow-up study. Measurement of tubular enzymuria facilitates early detection of acute renal impairment in the intensive care unit. Measurement of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes in urine methods and clinical purposes. Mild to severe lithium-induced nephropathy models and urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in rats. Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities in patients with renal disease. Assessment of urinary N-acetyl-glucosaminidase as an early marker of contrast-induced nephropathy. The efficacy and toxicity of two dosingregimens of amikacin in neonates with sepsis. The impact of nephrotoxic furans on urinary N-acetylglucosaminidase levels in mice. Proteinuria and microalbuminuria in adults: significance, evaluation and treatment.

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An experimental mannequin of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in the rat. Pathogenesis of hyponatremia in an experimental mannequin of inappropriate antidiuresis. Suprasellar and intraventricular blood predicts elevated plasma atrial natriuretic factor in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Vasopressin V2 receptor binding is downregulated during renal escape from vasopressin antidiuresis. Escape from vasopressin-induced antidiuresis: role of vasopressin resistance of the collecting duct. Increased abundance of distal sodium transporters in rat kidney during vasopressin escape. Evaluation of renal operate and fluid homeostasis throughout recovery from exercise-induced hyponatremia. A comparative study of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in community-dwelling sufferers and nursing residence residents. Hyponatremia, all-cause mortality, and risk of most cancers diagnoses within the major care setting: a large inhabitants examine. Long-term remedy of hyponatremic patients with nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis: personal expertise and review of published case reports. Role of antidiuretic hormone in hyponatremia in patients with isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. Role of plasma vasopressin in impaired water excretion of glucocorticoid deficiency. Induction of glucocorticoid receptor expression in hypothalamus neurons throughout continual hypo-osmolality. Permissive function of adrenal steroids on the hydroosmotic response throughout the rabbit accumulating tubule. Severe hyponatremia because of hypopituitarism with adrenal insufficiency: report on 28 cases. Normal osmotic threshold for vasopressin release in the hyponatremia of hypothyroidism. Medullary impact of thyroid function on enzymes of the vasopressin-sensitive adenosine 3,5-monophosphate system in renal medulla. Urinary concentrating defect in hypothyroid rats: function of sodium, potassium, 2-chloride co-transporter, and aquaporins. Nonosmotic release of vasopressin and renal aquaporins in impaired urinary dilution in hypothyroidism. Incidence and morbidity of self-induced water intoxication in state psychological hospital patients. Water intoxication precipitated by thiazide diuretics in polydipsic psychiatric sufferers. Roles of arginine vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide in polydipsia-hyponatremia of schizophrenic patients. Solute loss plays a significant function in polydipsia-related hyponatraemia of both water drinkers and beer drinkers. Acute hyponatremia related to intravenous fluid administration in hospitalized kids: an observational examine. Hyponatremia: a potential analysis of its epidemiology and the pathogenetic function of vasopressin. Defining circumstances that lead to the retention of water: the significance of the arterial sodium focus. Postoperative hyonatremia despite near-isotonic saline infursion: a phenomenon of desalination. Permanent neurologic incapacity from hyponatremia in wholesome ladies present process elective surgery. Hyponatremia in marathon runners due to inappropriate arginine vasopressin secretion. Hyponatremia associated with desmopressin for the therapy of nocturnal polyuria. Chlorpropamide upregulates antidiuretic hormone receptors and unmasks constitutive receptor signaling. Chlorpropamide motion on renal concentrating mechanism in rats with hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. Antiepileptic drugs-induced hyponatremia: review and evaluation of 560 hospitalized patients. Carbamazepine diminishes the sensitivity of the plasma arginine vasopressin response to osmotic stimulation. Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in a patient receiving piperazine phenothiazines. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion associated with amitriptyline administration. Acute hyponatremia and "ecstasy": insights from a quantative and built-in analysis. Hyponatremia in aged psychiatric patients handled with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine: a retrospective controlled study in an inpatient unit. Hyponatremia and syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone reported with the use of vincristine: an over-representation of Asians Studies on the antidiuretic impact of cyclophosphamide, vasopressin launch and sodium excretion. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion induced by amiodarone remedy. Severe symptomatic hyponatremia-an unusual presentation of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity. Hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia are extra frequent in renal transplant recipients handled with tacrolimus than with cyclosporin. Further evidence for variations between cyclosporin and tacrolimus nephrotoxicities. Aquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces mind edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke. Hyponatremia, cerebral edema, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in marathon runners. Hyponatremia improvement is associated with a reduced risk of mortality: evidence from a meta-analysis. Moderate hyponatremia is related to increased threat of mortality: evidence from a metaanalysis. Hyponatremia and mortality risk: a Danish cohort examine of 279 508 acutely hospitalized patients.

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